cat /etc/centos-release

CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core)

uname -a

Linux sz-oss-01.localdomain 3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Nov 22 16:42:41 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

gcc安装包下载
结合我们当前的操作系统环境，查看http://vault.centos.org/7.3.1611/os/x86_64/Packages/地址，里面有Centos7 所有rpm包下载图中的包。这里我们下载GCC安装的必要rpm包：

ls -al

total 41988
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 16 11:04 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 May 16 11:02 ..
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 6225248 May 16 11:03 cpp-4.8.5-11.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16957504 May 16 11:03 gcc-4.8.5-11.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3767280 May 16 11:04 glibc-2.17-157.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12038164 May 16 11:04 glibc-common-2.17-157.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 1106292 May 16 11:04 glibc-devel-2.17-157.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 684244 May 16 11:04 glibc-headers-2.17-157.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 1599280 May 16 11:04 glibc-static-2.17-157.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 213324 May 16 11:04 glibc-utils-2.17-157.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 51732 May 16 11:04 libmpc-1.0.1-3.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 32904 May 16 11:04 libmpc-devel-1.0.1-3.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 208316 May 16 11:04 mpfr-3.1.1-4.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 69904 May 16 11:04 mpfr-devel-3.1.1-4.el7.x86_64.rpm

安装gcc
使用如下的命令进行安装：

rpm -ivh *.rpm --nodeps --force

//或使用如下的命令

yum localinstall *.rpm

验证是否安装成功
# gcc --version
gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-11)
Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
安装gcc-c++
如果要安装支持编译c++的gcc编译器，则需要安装如下包：

ls -al

total 51584
drwxrwxr-x 2 root root 4096 May 17 17:11 .
drwx------ 18 root root 4096 Jun 13 16:27 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6225248 May 16 10:51 cpp-4.8.5-11.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16957504 May 16 10:53 gcc-4.8.5-11.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7519876 May 17 17:07 gcc-c++-4.8.5-11.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3767280 May 16 10:53 glibc-2.17-157.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12038164 May 16 10:54 glibc-common-2.17-157.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1106292 May 16 10:54 glibc-devel-2.17-157.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 684244 May 16 10:54 glibc-headers-2.17-157.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1599280 May 16 10:52 glibc-static-2.17-157.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 213324 May 16 10:52 glibc-utils-2.17-157.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 51732 May 16 10:54 libmpc-1.0.1-3.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 32904 May 16 10:55 libmpc-devel-1.0.1-3.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 306804 May 17 17:10 libstdc++-4.8.5-11.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1574820 May 17 17:11 libstdc++-devel-4.8.5-11.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 418184 May 17 17:10 libstdc++-static-4.8.5-11.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 208316 May 16 10:55 mpfr-3.1.1-4.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 69904 May 16 10:55 mpfr-devel-3.1.1-4.el7.x86_64.rpm